Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD), also known as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), is a common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. It is characterized by hormonal imbalances, ovarian cysts, and various symptoms such as irregular menstrual cycles, excess androgen levels (leading to symptoms like acne and hirsutism), and insulin resistance.
Understanding PCOD
Symptoms:
- Irregular Menstrual Cycles: Women may experience infrequent, irregular, or prolonged periods.
- Ovarian Cysts: Multiple small cysts may form on the ovaries, visible via ultrasound.
- Hyperandrogenism: Elevated levels of male hormones (androgens) leading to symptoms such as acne, excessive hair growth (hirsutism), and thinning hair.
- Insulin Resistance: Difficulty in processing insulin, which can lead to weight gain and increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.
- Infertility: PCOS can affect ovulation, making it more challenging to conceive
Conventional Treatments for PCOD
Lifestyle Modifications: Weight management, a balanced diet, and regular exercise can help manage symptoms and improve insulin sensitivity.