Cervicitis is the inflammation of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It can be caused by various factors and can result in discomfort or symptoms that may affect overall reproductive health. Understanding cervicitis, its causes, symptoms, and treatment options is important for effective management.
Causes of Cervicitis
- Infections:
- Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs): Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis are common causes.
- Other Infections: Bacterial vaginosis and yeast infections can also cause cervicitis.
- Sexual Activity:
- Irritation: Frequent or vigorous sexual activity, use of certain contraceptives (like diaphragms), or exposure to irritating substances can lead to inflammation.
- Chemical Irritation:
- Allergic Reactions: Reactions to spermicides, condoms, or other vaginal products.
- Physical Trauma:
- Childbirth or Surgical Procedures: Trauma from childbirth, miscarriage, or cervical surgery can cause cervicitis.
- Hormonal Changes:
- Pregnancy: Hormonal changes during pregnancy can lead to cervicitis.
- Autoimmune Conditions:
- Lupus or other autoimmune disorders: Can cause chronic inflammation in various parts of the body, including the cervix.
Symptoms of Cervicitis
- Abnormal Vaginal Discharge: Often watery or mucous with possible changes in color or odor.
- Pain: Discomfort or pain during sexual intercourse or pelvic pain.
- Bleeding: Light bleeding or spotting between periods or after intercourse.
- Itching or Irritation: Sensation of itching or burning in the vaginal area.
- Frequent Urination: Sometimes associated with urinary discomfort or urgency.