A calcaneal spur, also known as a heel spur, is a bony growth that forms on the underside of the heel bone (calcaneus). It is often associated with plantar fasciitis, a condition where the thick band of tissue that connects the heel bone to the toes becomes inflamed. While heel spurs themselves may not always cause pain, they can contribute to discomfort when they irritate surrounding tissues.
Causes
Heel spurs typically develop due to prolonged strain on the foot muscles and ligaments, especially in situations like:
- Excessive walking or running: Especially on hard surfaces.
- Improper footwear: Shoes that lack proper arch support.
- Obesity: Excessive weight increases pressure on the heel.
- Foot abnormalities: Flat feet or high arches can lead to an uneven distribution of weight, causing stress on the heel.
Symptoms
- Pain or tenderness in the heel, especially when taking the first steps in the morning.
- Inflammation and swelling at the front of the heel.
- A visible bony protrusion on X-rays (though not all spurs are symptomatic).
Diagnosis
Heel spurs are often diagnosed through:
- Physical examination: Pain in the heel region during palpation.
- X-rays: To visualize the bony growth.
Early intervention with proper footwear and exercises can prevent worsening of symptoms and provide significant relief.